All you need to know about Operation Ellamy in Libya in 2011

Here’s all you need to know about Operation Ellamy and the SAS’ involvement in the operation.

Operation Ellamy

Operation Ellamy began on 19 March 2011 as part of the wider NATO-led campaign, Operation Unified Protector.

The mission followed United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973, which authorised military action to protect Libyan civilians from forces loyal to Colonel Muammar Gaddafi.

Background

In early 2011, Libya experienced an uprising against Gaddafi’s regime as part of the wider Arab Spring.

As government forces advanced on rebel-held cities, particularly Benghazi, the international community authorised a no-fly zone and military measures to prevent attacks on civilians.

The UK joined a coalition including France, the United States, Canada and several Arab nations.

SAS and Special Forces involvement

The SAS had a limited but important role during Operation Ellamy.

British special forces were involved in reconnaissance, liaison with anti-Gaddafi rebel groups and intelligence gathering. They also helped coordinate coalition operations.

Some SAS personnel assisted in securing diplomatic and military contacts with opposition forces on the ground.

Although details remain classified, special forces provided intelligence that helped direct coalition air strikes.

Air and naval operations

The RAF deployed Tornado GR4 and Typhoon aircraft to enforce the no-fly zone and carry out precision strikes against military targets.

Royal Navy ships and submarines also took part, launching cruise missiles and enforcing an arms embargo.

During the campaign, UK aircraft flew approximately 3,000 sorties and attacked around 640 targets.

Outcome

Operation Ellamy continued until 31 October 2011, shortly after Gaddafi’s regime fell and his death in October.

NATO declared its mission complete and ended military operations.

The intervention helped prevent attacks on rebel-held areas and contributed significantly to the collapse of Gaddafi’s government.

Operation Ellamy remains notable for combining air, naval and special forces operations in Libya.